（1） Electric discharge

Generally speaking, telex release is a form of delivery in which the consignor does not need to pick up the bill of lading, and the consignee picks up the goods with his identity certificate. Its operation is the same as that of the ordinary bill of lading in the stage of bill of lading replenishment and bill of lading confirmation, but there are differences in the stage of receiving the bill of lading, and listen to the following details:

The procedure of telex release is actually very simple. Just fill in the telex release application and fax it to the shipping company. Don't think this is an ordinary application. It clearly indicates that you have waived the right to receive the bill of lading. After signing and sealing, you should not ask the shipping company for the bill of lading. If you have already taken the bill of lading and want to change to telex release, you need to return the full set of bills of lading to the shipping company before filling in the telex release application.

Of course, no one will make a telex release for you without paying. The money to be paid is divided into two dollars. One is the telex release fee. Our company is RMB 115. I haven't inquired about other companies; The second is all the prepaid expenses, which can include document fees, terminal operation fees, and CIF also includes ocean freight. Therefore, it is suggested that when applying for telex release by fax, it is better to take the initiative to send the water bill together. The benefits of doing so need not be mentioned.

Let me tell you a good news. Now the shipping company doesn't need to send a telegram for electric discharge, just send an EMAIL You can ask the shipping company to send you a copy of CC email at the same time, so that you can inform the consignee of the telex release information at the first time. Speaking of this, I remembered a joke told by my colleague when I first entered the company, asking: Why can't some ports in Africa release electricity? A: Because there is always a power failure.

Under what circumstances would someone want to make a discharge? For example, for the goods in Southeast Asia, the bill of lading is not correct, the goods have arrived at the port, and telex release is very common; Another example is that due to various reasons, the bill of lading is delayed and the goods have arrived at the port. In order to avoid the storage charge of the goods at the port of destination, telex release is not allowed;

I want to remind you whether all countries can do electric discharge. According to my experience, Cuba, Venezuela, Brazil and other countries cannot do electric discharge. However, it is not so absolute. For example, in XX port, if your consignee has a lot of local knowledge, the agent of the shipping company at the destination port will issue a new bill of lading for the guest to help him clear customs after receiving the telex release notice. No way, no way!

There are two common English words related to electric discharge: TELEX RELEASE (TLX RLS) and SURRENDER The Chinese understand TLX RLS, but foreigners don't seem to use it very often. They usually use the latter. The word SURRENDER is generally interpreted as "delivery", but it is of special significance in the maritime industry. "SHPR HAS SURRENDERED OB/L AT OUR SIDE" means that the shipper has made a telex release. Therefore, it is recommended that you use the word SURRENDER carefully when dealing with shipping companies.

（2） Sea waybill

Sea waybill is SEA WAYBILL (SWB).

The shipping mode of the sea waybill is essentially the same as that of the tele release, which is based on the certificate of the consignee's company. The difference is that the original sea waybill can also be issued for customers if necessary. However, the original of the sea waybill is basically a piece of waste paper, because there is no original for picking up the goods. One original copy is enough. What's more, you can pick up the goods by erasing the words "DRAFT ONLY" on DARFT with correction liquid. From this, you can understand the difference between the sea waybill and the bill of lading.

For the shipping company, the difference between the bill of lading and the sea waybill is reflected in the manifest, which is just the difference of the BILL TYPE. If the bill of lading received by the shipping company at the destination port is a bill of lading, the goods shall be released against the original bill of lading or telex release. If the bill of lading received by the shipping company at the destination port is a sea waybill, the goods can be released against the identity certificate of the consignee.

The sea waybill is a convenient and fast way to release goods. It is said that more than 60% of the cabinets loaded on ships destined for Europe are used as sea waybills. However, it is also a way of shipping with greater risk to the shipping company, because the freight has not been received at the loading port when the freight is prepaid, and the goods have been taken away by the consignee at the destination port. This can explain why some small and medium-sized customers are always sniffed at when they propose to the shipping company to do SWB. Generally, shipping companies have strict control over SWB. It is clear what kind of customers go to what ports and what payment methods can be used to do SWB. Open the door to do business, who is willing to take risks?

（3） Change order

The professional name of order exchange is SWITCH BILL, which is very common in international trade. But in daily work, it seems that traders in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Dubai and Europe and the United States have used it with ease. It is rare for domestic traders to play it, which reflects the position of Chinese enterprises in international trade from one side. The order change can be simply summarized as "three", "two" and "one". Three party trade, two bills of lading, and one intermediary. Three party trade - two bills of lading for suppliers, intermediaries and actual buyers - the consignor of the first bill of lading is the supplier and the consignee is the intermediary- The consignor of the second bill of lading is the intermediary and the consignee is the actual purchaser. One middleman - the whole order change process is controlled by the middleman; The essence of bill replacement is a small trick taken by the middleman in the process of issuing the bill of lading in order to cut off the contact between the actual supplier and the buyer.

The middleman shall obtain the first set of bills of lading from the supplier after paying off the payment and freight; The middleman immediately goes to the shipping company to change the second set of bills of lading: the place of changing the bill of lading can be chosen by the middleman, which can be the place of shipment, the place of receipt, or the third place. Anyway, it is generally the place where the middleman is familiar with; The shipper of the bill of lading is replaced by an intermediary, and the consignee becomes a real buyer. Whoever holds the bill of lading has the right to the goods. He can change it as he wants. Of course, the condition is to pay the shipping company the bill change fee, which is about USD 50.

For the shipping company, it is really complicated to change orders. Because it involves the change of the same set of manifest by different OFFICES, and the time limit for customs clearance at the port of the cabinet, it is very difficult to deal with it. Therefore, we are generally afraid to avoid it.

（4） PART sheet

Two or more sets of bills of lading issued from one cabinet are called PART bills. Of course, what is mentioned here does not include LCL, but only FCL/FCL. The price of FCL/LCL or LCL/LCL is higher than that of full container cargo.

There are different reasons for customers to ask for a PART slip. A letter of credit is usually the best excuse, but neither the shipping company nor the customer knows it. It is obvious that they want to use the full container price to do LCL.

There are two cases of the PART bill: the one with the same consignee and the one with different consignee (the TO ORDER bill of lading is included here because the consignee may be different). Most shipping companies will accept the PART list with the same consignee; The PARTs with different consignees should be considered separately. Because if several consignees do not appear to pick up the goods at the same time, it will be a big trouble for the shipping company. Moreover, ports in some countries simply do not accept this approach. If a PART order must be issued for special reasons, the following issues should be considered:

1. The shipping company will require the shipper to issue a letter of guarantee to ensure that the consignee will pick up the goods at the same time;

2. It depends on where the goods go. Goods going to the Middle East and South America are more likely to be rejected;

3. It depends on the size of the customer.

（5） Ship owner's order and freight forwarder's order

The master bill is the bill of lading issued by the shipping company;

House Bill is a bill of lading issued by NVOCC.

Personally, I think there are two situations when HOUSE BILL can be used:

First, LCL cargo. After the ship owner's bill issued by the freight forwarder shipping company is taken out of the container and unpacked, the goods shall be released according to the House Bill issued by itself.

Second, the content required by the customer cannot be reflected in the shipowner's list. For example, most shipping companies are extremely cautious about backdating unless they have to. The customer orders space from the shipping company through the freight forwarder. After the anti signing requirement is rejected by the shipping company, the customer can consider asking the freight forwarder to issue the anti signing House Bill. Of course, the premise is that the HOUSE BILL can meet the needs of foreign exchange settlement, that is, the consignee and the bank accept the HOUSE BILL.

Sometimes the shipping company can release the goods by House Bill, but it needs the freight forwarder to issue a letter of guarantee to apply to the shipping company. Once the application is accepted, the shipping company will add a note in the manifest. The goods are released by House Bill, and what is the bill of lading number of House Bill, etc.

Similarly, not all ports accept HOUSE BILL, depending on the local customs regulations. For example, Venezuela does not accept HOUSE BILL.

（6） US Single

When it comes to the United States, we can't help talking about AMS (Automated Manifest System). After September 11, based on the anti-terrorism requirements, the United States Customs implemented the manifest declaration system 24 hours in advance. That is, all goods destined for, transit through, and transit through the United States must pass the manifest to the United States Customs 24 hours before the ship is expected to arrive at the port of loading. The containers can only be loaded and shipped after being reviewed and approved by the US Customs.

Based on this requirement, major shipping companies have adjusted the procedures for replenishment of the U.S. bill of lading, requiring customers to provide complete bill of lading information about 72 hours before the ship is expected to arrive at the loading port, so as to allow time for the preparation, modification and confirmation of the bill of lading. If the customer fails to provide the bill of lading replenishment in time as required by the shipping company, it means that the cabinet will not be able to board the ship; If the customer cannot complete the confirmation of the bill of lading before the shipping company delivers the manifest to the U.S. Customs, then every subsequent modification will result in a customs fine of USD25.

In addition to its strong timeliness, the American Singles also have strict content requirements. SHPR/NTFY/CNEE must provide detailed address, including street and house number. P.O.BOX is not accepted, and NTFY/CNEE must be a local address; For another example, the TO ORDER bill of lading only accepts TO ORDER OF A BANK or TO ORDER OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTION; For example, the number of pieces should be the minimum number of outer packaging units, etc.

It is easy to be confused in the United States because sometimes two sets of manifests (MASTER B/L and HOUSE B/L) are produced for one shipment. Needless to say, the customer in this situation must be NVOCC, who must have sent House B/L to pick up the goods for the consignee. But the same NVOCC is not the same. Here comes AMS NVOCC* NVOCC approved by the Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) of the United States and qualified for declaration in the AMS system of the United States Customs * AMS NVOCC: NVOCC registered with the Federal Maritime Administration (FMC) of the United States. It is unnecessary to say that the registration process is simply to pay a deposit to the FMC, and the FMC gives a registration number. Then the NVOCC can use the software system provided by the U.S. Customs to deliver the manifest to the U.S. Customs. On the contrary, if it is not registered with FMC, it is necessary to ask the shipping company to pass the manifest to the US Customs on its behalf.

Before 2003, the manifest passed to the US Customs was limited to House B/L, because only the SHPR/NTFY/CNEE reflected on House B/L was the real SHPR/NTFY/CNEE. That is, AMS NVOCC shall deliver the House B/L manifest to the U.S. Customs as required by time, and then supplement the Master B/L to the shipping company (the above SHPR is NVOCC's own, and CNEE/NTFY is its agent in the United States); The other NVOCC must provide the shipping company with two copies of the manifest supplement (MASTER B/L and HOUSE B/L), and the shipping company will deliver the HOUSE B/L manifest to the US Customs on behalf.

However, this provision changed at the beginning of 2004, because Americans strengthened anti-terrorism measures, requiring that not only the HOUSE B/L manifest but also the MASTER B/L manifest of the shipping company be delivered to the U.S. Customs. The time requirement is the same as above.

（7） What is SGS?

SGS is the abbreviation of SocieteGeneralede Surveillance S.A., which is translated as "General Notary Office". SGS customs operation refers to the agreement signed by the government of the country where the goods are imported or the government authorizes the customs authority to sign with SGS, and SGS handles the inspection of the goods before shipment in the country where the goods are exported and verifies the customs value.